In 1969 a similar social agreement was negotiated with Turkey. An official Austrian recruitment office was opened in Belgrade. In 1966 such a recruitment agreement was signed with Yugoslavia, too, together with a social agreement that regulated the claims of the workers with respect to health, accident and pension insurance. Finally in 1964 a recruitment agreement was signed with Turkey and an official Austrian recruitment office was opened in Istanbul, which was closed nearly 30 years later in 1993. Austria did not seem to be an attractive destination at that time.
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Between 19 37,000 “guest workers” were invited annually, but those numbers of migratory workers never arrived in Austria. In 1962 a recruitment agreement with Spain under the fascist regime of Franco was unsuccessful. Of the agreed 7,300 persons only 1,800 arrived, mostly from Italy. In 1961 the first recruitments abroad for the construction industry took place.
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The census of 1961 registered 7,074,000 inhabitants in Austria 102,000 of them foreigners, most of them German citizens, the lowest number ever.
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Since the middle of the 1960s the lack of much needed workforce at the times of the economic boom years led to a change of attitude towards labour migration in Austria. “Brunnenmarkt”, street market in Vienna’s 16th districtĪfter the disasters of the first half of the 20 th century, First World War, Great Depression, Second World War, disintegration of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Austro-Fascism and Nazi regime, holocaust and ethnic cleansing, Vienna, the former 2-million multi-ethnic capital of a 50-million peoples’ empire, had turned into a provincial town, capital of a 7-million country, with a decreasing, rather homogenous population. Susanne Wurm MULTI-ETHNICITY AND TRANSNATIONAL PEOPLES IN THE DANUBE BASIN, THE DANUBE REGION: ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENTS Aliens Act, Armenians, Austro-Hungary, Balkans wars, Bosnia Herzegovina, Croatia, European values, Ex-Yugoslavia, Foreign Employment Act, foreign worker, Germany, guest worker, integration, Iran, Mazedonia, migration, Muslims, Pakistan, Poland, recruitment, self-organisation, Serbia, Slovenia, Switzerland, Trade Union Congress, Turkey, unemployment, Vienna, Yazidis, Yugoslavia